-, Cunningham, R. & Kyle, K. The case for plain packaging. Although plain packaging has certain core elements, implementation may take slightly different forms in different jurisdictions. HHS Control 27, 58–64 (2017). Epub 2014 Feb 25.  |  doi: 10.17269/cjph.108.5828. 2016 Feb;23(1):94-101. doi: 10.1007/s12529-015-9487-x. Australia was the first country in the world to introduce legislation for mandatory plain packaging for tobacco in 2012 under the Gillard Labor Government, and various studies have since proved the effectiveness of these measures in significantly reducing smoking rates. Methods: Plain packaging reduced the attractiveness and other positive attributes of cigarette packaging, with darker colours found to be the most effective. Clipboard, Search History, and several other advanced features are temporarily unavailable. 2017 Apr 20;108(1):e98-e100. Personal tobacco pack display before and after the introduction of plain packaging with larger pictorial health warnings in Australia: an observational study of outdoor café strips. Larger and More Prominent Graphic Health Warnings on Plain-Packaged Tobacco Products and Avoidant Responses in Current Smokers: a Qualitative Study. Aleyan S, Driezen P, McNeill A, McDermott M, Kahnert S, Kyriakos CN, Mons U, Fernández E, Trofor AC, Zatoński M, Demjén T, Katsaounou PA, Przewoźniak K, Balmford J, Filippidis FT, Fong GT, Vardavas CI, Hitchman SC; EUREST-PLUS Consortium. Quantitative and qualitative studies that evaluate attitudes towards smoking, starting smoking and quitting intentions when plain packaging use is compared with standard cigarette packaging use were included. Plain packaging, Ridgway elaborated, failed in achieving its supposed purpose because consumers, if they are dedicated smokers, purchase a legal product with the knowledge that its packaging – although it may be graphically “plain” – primarily served as a production for the cigarettes while at the same time still providing certain information (e.g. -, Beede, P. & Lawson, R. The effect of plain packages on the perception of cigarette health warnings. Plain packaging of tobacco products: evidence, design and implementation - This publication describes the purposes of implementing plain packaging as part of a comprehensive approach to tobacco control, the evidence base justifying the measure and developments at the country level, before offering recommendations to countries considering implementing plain packaging. Psychol Addict Behav. eCollection 2015. On 24 May 2011, Cancer Council Australia released a review of the evidence supporting the introduction of plain packaging to reduce youth uptake. 26 However, the co‐introduction of enlarged GHW and plain packaging could negate this waning effect of GHW because data suggest plain packaging amplifies the benefits of GHW by increasing health‐warning recall. Get the latest public health information from CDC: https://www.coronavirus.gov, Get the latest research information from NIH: https://www.nih.gov/coronavirus, Find NCBI SARS-CoV-2 literature, sequence, and clinical content: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sars-cov-2/. 2014 Apr;109(4):653-62. doi: 10.1111/add.12466. 2 This is also usually accompanied with a graphic health warning. NLM A systematic review of quantitative studies. 6F 7. Tob. Get the latest public health information from CDC: https://www.coronavirus.gov, Get the latest research information from NIH: https://www.nih.gov/coronavirus, Find NCBI SARS-CoV-2 literature, sequence, and clinical content: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sars-cov-2/. Publisher Correction: The effectiveness of plain packaging in discouraging tobacco consumption in Australia. 2015 Jul 14;8:1-35. doi: 10.4137/TUI.S15628. This site needs JavaScript to work properly. The Tobacco Plain Packaging Act stated that its intention was to improve public health by discouraging smoking through the reduction of the appeal of tobacco products. 2016 Mar;30(2):220-8. doi: 10.1037/adb0000146. Tobacco consumption fell 2.9% in quarter and 12.2% over the year, two years after plain-packaging legislation came into effect A total of 1923 studies were identified. Tob. Author information: (1)Center for Global Tobacco Control, Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Mass., USA Public Health 106, 315–322 (1992). After inclusion and exclusion criteria were applied, nine studies were included in the review. Tob Use Insights. Plain packaging recognises Australia’s commitment as a signatory to the World Health Organization Framework Convention on Tobacco Control[4] and has been widely applauded by health agencies both in Australia and internationally. The Framework Convention on Tobacco Control (FCTC) proposes that plain packaging would have three benefits: it would reduce the attractiveness and appeal of tobacco products, it would increase the noticeability and effectiveness of health warnings and messages, and it would reduce the use of design techniques that may mislead consumers about the harmfulness of tobacco products. USA.gov. 2017 Apr 27;4(4):CD011244. Tobacco plain packaging: Evidence based policy or public health advocacy? Here we examine the effectiveness of Australia's plain packaging law, which coincided with a change in graphic and text health warnings, by using nationally indicative data 5 years post implementation. The removal of all branding and promotions from tobacco products, known as 'plain packaging', is intended to decrease tobacco consumption. 15. National Center for Biotechnology Information, Unable to load your collection due to an error, Unable to load your delegates due to an error. Stead M, Moodie C, Angus K, Bauld L, McNeill A, Thomas J, Hastings G, Hinds K, O'Mara-Eves A, Kwan I, Purves RI, Bryce SL. The aim of this study is to critically appraise the evidence for the effectiveness of the plain packaging of tobacco products policy. McNeill A, Gravely S, Hitchman SC, Bauld L, Hammond D, Hartmann-Boyce J. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. Methods We compared responses from continuous cross-sectional telephone surveys of n=2176 cigarette … COVID-19 is an emerging, rapidly evolving situation. Agaku IT(1), Filippidis FT, Vardavas CI. A systematic review of the perceptions of adolescents on graphic health warnings and plain packaging of cigarettes. This variation may be due to different policy A controversial paper hassuggested Australia’s plain packaging had done nothing to curb cigarette usage – a claim quickly howled down by medical experts. A systematic approach to a literature review was undertaken using five databases: PubMed, MEDLINE, Google Scholar, Global Health and Legacy Tobacco Documents Library. 2015 Jun;26(6):560-8. doi: 10.1016/j.drugpo.2015.03.004. nicotine and tar levels). The expected impacts of plain packaging for tobacco are, however, broader in scope than this study was capable of considering. First, plain packaging enhances the effectiveness of health warnings by increasing their noticeability, recall, and believability. may suggest that some products are less harmful than others; and. We measured the effect of the law on smoking prevalence, tobacco expenditure, expenditure intensity and quantity of tobacco consumed, using New Zealand as a control country in a difference-in-differences research design. The overall quality of the data was variable but a significant number of the studies had major methodological flaws. We uncover a substitution effect that is robust to different specifications and control countries. Tobacco packaging design for reducing tobacco use. In response to the policy, smokers switched from more expensive to cheaper cigarettes and reduced their overall tobacco expenditure and expenditure intensity. Eur J Public Health. If plain packaging will lead teens who experiment with cigarettes to look at the health warnings more, it's possible that this would translate in to them being less drawn to smoking. However, data analysed in the literature review suggest that exposure to plain packaging increases intention to quit amongst exposed individuals, increases negative attitudes to both smoking and starting smoking. The review had been conducted by … COVID-19 is an emerging, rapidly evolving situation. © 2018 Royal Australasian College of Surgeons. As of May 2016, all tobacco products will have to be sold in drab, standardised packaging, instead of their current colourful, branded packs. Effectiveness of text versus pictorial health warning labels and predictors of support for plain packaging of tobacco products within the European Union. They consistently show that plain packaging decreases the attractiveness of both tobacco products and smoking, particu- A small number of smokers also actively concealed their packs.11 WHO: Plain packaging works . B. Zacher M, Bayly M, Brennan E, Dono J, Miller C, Durkin S, Scollo M, Wakefield M. Addiction. However, as smoking became less costly, smokers consumed more cigarettes. Only indirect evidence of plain packaging's effectiveness was available until its release in Australia. Plain packaging is an important demand reduction measure that reduces the attractiveness of tobacco products, restricts use of tobacco packaging as a form of tobacco advertising and promotion, limits misleading packaging and labeling, and increases the effectiveness of health warnings. Background We assessed whether the Australian plain packs with larger graphic health warnings (GHWs) achieved three specific objectives of reducing the appeal of tobacco, increasing health warning effectiveness and reducing the ability of packaging to mislead about smoking harms. 2019 Jan 17;8(1):25. doi: 10.1186/s13643-018-0933-0. Studies have revealed that plain packag-ing is found to be dull and to increase negative feelings about smoking. -, Freeman, B., Chapman, S. & Rimmer, M. The case for the plain packaging of tobacco products. Results: Hardcastle SJ, Chan DC, Caudwell KM, Sultan S, Cranwell J, Chatzisarantis NL, Hagger MS. Int J Behav Med. 37-40 For example, in one study, New Zealand youth were significantly more likely to recall health warnings when they were presented on plain packs compared to health warnings presented on "normal" branded packages.38 National Center for Biotechnology Information, Unable to load your collection due to an error, Unable to load your delegates due to an error. The Economic Impact of Smoking and of Reducing Smoking Prevalence: Review of Evidence. Please enable it to take advantage of the complete set of features! Plain packaging works. Background: 2016 Mar 21;6(3):e010391. Can J Public Health. This site needs JavaScript to work properly. NLM Immediate effects of plain packaging health warnings on quitting intention and potential mediators: Results from two ecological momentary assessment studies. These research reports were used to help develop the graphic health warnings used on cigarette packaging and evaluate the effectiveness of the plain packaging design. 27 This additional benefit of plain packaging is extended to non‐smokers, as well as smokers. • Plain packaging is based on a consistent body of evidence9 • Plain packaging reduces the appeal of tobacco packaging and increases the effectiveness of graphic health warnings10 • Plain packaging has contributed to decreases in smoking prevalence and tobacco consumption11 • Plain packaging has not increased illicit trade12 To sum up: plain packaging is effective to - increase the salience and effectiveness of warnings (more credible, more serious) - reduce the ability of packaging to mislead consumers on tobacco dangers Epub 2015 Mar 24. These other impacts include, but may not be limited to: The impact of plain packaging on tobacco consumers’ disposable incomes; and HHS evidence from Australia, which is consistent with the conclusion that plain packaging is an effective public health intervention. NIH  |   |  The removal of all branding and promotions from tobacco products, known as 'plain packaging', is intended to decrease tobacco consumption. When tobacco companies attempt to fight against plain packaging … It has been shown that the efficacy of GHW, in terms of tobacco cessation, can wane over time. On the other hand, the WHO has a different standpoint about the effectiveness of plain packaging in decreasing smoking rates. The overall quality of the data was variable but a significant number of the studies had major methodological flaws. USA.gov. 2013 Oct 16;8(10):e75919. Nat Hum Behav. wider community, to evaluate the efficiency and effectiveness of the tobacco plain packaging measure. doi: 10.1093/eurpub/ckaa053. PLoS One.  |  Plain packaging policy: Preventing industry innovations. 1 Commonly understood, plain packaging requires plain/generic packaging for tobacco products with only the brand name, in standardized colour, size and font, printed on the packet. However, data analysed in the literature review suggest that exposure to plain packaging increases intention to quit amongst exposed individuals, increases negative attitudes to both smoking and starting smoking. Why is plain packaging important? of plain packaging include: 1. reducing the attractiveness of tobacco products; 2. eliminating tobacco packaging as a form of advertising and promotion; 3. eliminating misleading information by addressing package design techniques that. Market research reports on tobacco plain packaging and graphic health warnings . -. Over the last few years, a series of graphs and data points have been released by the government to … 2020 Jul 1;30(Supplement_3):iii91-iii97. Plain packaging aims to improve public health in Australia by reducing smoking rates. 2020 Nov;4(11):1216. doi: 10.1038/s41562-020-00983-9. While plain packaging may play a role in helping to make tobacco products less appealing to consumers, and thus may lead to some form of cessation, it comes at the price of business—for manufacturers, distributors and retailers. Here we examine the effectiveness of Australia's plain packaging law, which coincided with a change in graphic and text health warnings, by using nationally indicative data 5 years post implementation. 28 In assessing the impact of the measure, compliance costs to industry were estimated, for the purposes of this PIR, using the government’s Regulatory Burden Measurement (RBM) BMJ Open. Although the evidence for plain packaging of tobacco is not strong, the evidence that is available indicates that it is an effective tobacco cessation policy. Int J Drug Policy. Scientific evidence has shown that the implementation of plain packaging reduces smoking prevalence [], increases thoughts about quitting and calls to quit lines [17, 18], reduces brand awareness, attractiveness and appeal of the package [19–21], and increases the salience and effectiveness of health warnings among adolescents []. The TMA has used has several variations of smuggling and counterfeit arguments against plain packaging including: “A counterfeiters’ charter“ In September 2008, Imperial Tobacco told the UK’s DH that the introduction of plain packaging “could be described as a ‘Counterfeiter’s Charter”. eCollection 2013.  |  Please enable it to take advantage of the complete set of features! Rootman, I., & Flay. Plain Packaging Increases the Noticeability and Effectiveness of Health Warnings Plain Packaging Appears to be Having Effects on Smoker Attitudes and Behaviors Standardized or Plain Tobacco Packaging Scientific Evidence packs that were clearly visible on tables. Is consumer response to plain/standardised tobacco packaging consistent with framework convention on tobacco control guidelines? plain packaging; product packaging; smoking; smoking cessation; tobacco.  |  Clipboard, Search History, and several other advanced features are temporarily unavailable. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD011244.pub2. Plain packaging has been in the limelight ever since Australia passed its controversial plain packaging legislation. Conclusion: Perceptions and impact of plain packaging of tobacco products in low and middle income countries, middle to upper income countries and low-income settings in high-income countries: a systematic review of the literature. Plain packaging for cigarettes Together, we've changed the law - which will protect children for generations. Plain packaging reduces the at-tractiveness of the product, particu-larly to young peo-ple and women. To discourage such substitution and to help the policy achieve its intended outcomes, policymakers should consider implementing auxiliary measures, such as taxes or price floors. Drovandi A, Teague PA, Glass B, Malau-Aduli B. Syst Rev. A study on youth smoking: plain packaging, health warnings, event marketing and price reductions (University of Toronto, 1995). Evaluating the impact of introducing standardized packaging with larger health-warning labels in England: findings from adult smokers within the EUREST-PLUS ITC Europe Surveys. The article 11 guidelines note that plain packaging ‘may increase the noticeability and effectiveness of health warnings and messages, prevent the package from detracting attention from them, and address industry package design techniques that may suggest that … Plain packaging discourages people from using tobacco by: reducing the appeal of tobacco products; making health warnings more effective; removing misleading information on … doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0075919. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2015-010391. Control 4, 80–86 (1995). There are other impacts that we have flagged in the report as limitations of the study. Keywords: NIH Goodchild, M., Nargis, N. & Despaignet, E. T. Global economic cost of smoking-attributable diseases. The study found plain packaging not only reduced overall misperceptions that there are healthier tobacco brands, but also found that participants … Addiction 103, 580–590 (2008). 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