At the time, first-generation Harriers were being introduced into Royal Air Force and United States Marine Corps; however, operational experience had highlighted demand for a more capable aircraft. [5] In 1980, the UK considered if the American program would meet their requirements – their opinion was that it required modification, thus the MDD wing design was altered to incorporate the British-designed leading-edge root extensions. F-4J(UK) Phantom, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=McDonnell_Douglas_AV-8B_Harrier_II&oldid=995955722, Pages containing links to subscription-only content, All Wikipedia articles written in American English, Articles containing potentially dated statements from July 2013, All articles containing potentially dated statements, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Named after a bird of prey, it was originally developed by British manufacturer Hawker Siddeley in the 1960s. From World War I and World War II airplanes to the fastest fighter jets, you'll find detailed aircraft information about WW1, WW2, and post-war airplanes; WWI, WWII military aircraft video; and so much more! The Harrier II flew combat missions in Kosovo, Iraq, and Afghanistan. Gary Parsons (March 2012). [38] There were conflicting reports about the effectiveness of RAF munitions in the conflict; at the time, the BBC reported an 80% direct hit rate was achieved by RAF strike aircraft, a subsequent Parliamentary Select Committee found that 24% of all munitions expended in the theatre had been precision weapons. BAE and McD agreed McD should do it. ", "War On Iraq: Harriers zero in on Iraqi navy. British Aerospace Harrier II GR.5 Developed in Great Britain by Hawker Siddeley (later part of British Aerospace) the Harrier is one of only two vertical/short takeoff and landing jets to go into full production. Flygplanet var den senaste utvecklingen av Harrier Jump Jet familj, och härstammar från McDonnell Douglas AV-8B Harrier II. A new one-piece wing provides around 14 per cent more area and increased thickness. The decision to retire was controversial as there was no immediate fixed-wing replacement in its role; in the long term the Harrier II is to be replaced by the Lockheed Martin F-35 Lightning II. [43], During the Battle of Basra, a key Iraqi city, Harriers conducted multiple strike missions against Iraqi fuel depots to cripple enemy ground vehicles;[44] other priority targets for the Harriers included tanks, boats, and artillery. No need to register, buy now! [34], In June 1994, the newly introduced GR7 was deployed for trials on board the Navy's Invincible class aircraft carriers; operational naval deployments began in 1997. [22] Following the full delivery of 34 Harrier GR7s in 1991, all of the GR5s underwent avionics upgrades to become GR7s as well. ", "RAF and Navy plan 'Joint Force' merger. [59] All Harrier GR7 aircraft were retired by July 2010. The original aluminium alloy fuselage was replaced by a fuselage which makes extensive use of composites, providing significant weight reduction and increased payload or range. Between July and September, the theatre total for munitions deployed by British Harriers on planned operations and close air support to ground forces rose from 179 to 539, mostly CRV-7 rockets. Additionally, construction would be divided between MDD and BAe; on the Harrier II, British Aerospace was the prime contractor, with McDonnell Douglas serving as a sub-contractor. The British Aerospace/McDonnell Douglas Harrier II is a second-generation vertical/short takeoff and landing (V/STOL) jet aircraft used previously by the Royal Air Force (RAF) and, between 2006 and 2010, the Royal Navy (RN). 26–27 and Eden 2004, p. 289. BAe Harrier (20118253494).jpg 933 × 1,400; 479 KB Trots att det bär samma namn är det ett till stora delar nyutvecklat flygplan. [62] The decision to retire the Harrier was controversial, with some senior officers calling for the Panavia Tornado to be retired as an alternative. The former Sea Harrier squadron 800 Naval Air Squadron reformed with ex-RAF Harrier GR7/9s in April 2006 and joined by the re-formed 801 Naval Air Squadron in 2007. A GR9 in Afghanistan typically carried a DJRP, a Sniper pod, two Paveway IV and two of either CRV-7, Paveway IV or Maverick.[26]. British Aerospace Harrier II / McDonnell Douglas AV8-B. In compilation for wallpaper for British Aerospace Harrier II, we have 22 images. page 5. [12], The Harrier II's cockpit has day and night operability and is equipped with Head-up display (HUD), two head-down displays known as multi-purpose colour displays (MPCDs), a digital moving map, an Inertial Navigation System (INS), and a hands-on-throttle-and-stick system (HOTAS). [8] In December 1989, the RAF's first squadron to be equipped with the Harrier II was declared operational. The British Aerospace-assembled AV-8B Harrier II, now designated GR-5 by the British, began to arrive to replace aircraft assigned to bases in Germany. British Aerospace Harrier II GR5 The GR5 was the RAF's first second-generation Harrier. The aircraft was derived from the McDonnell Douglas AV-8B Harrier II, which itself was a development of the Hawker Siddeley Harrier. The aircraft was the latest development of the Harrier Jump Jet family, and was derived from the McDonnell Douglas AV-8B Harrier II. It first entered service with the Royal Navy in April 1980 as the Sea Harrier FRS1 and became informally known as the "Shar". Jun 30, 2014 - RAF Harrier GR9. [39][40], In 2003, the Harrier GR7 played a prominent role during Operation Telic, the UK contribution to the U.S.-led Iraq War. The McDonnell Douglas (now Boeing) AV-8B Harrier II is a single-engine ground-attack aircraft that constitutes the second generation of the Harrier Jump Jet family. The British Aerospace Harrier II was a second-generation vertical/short takeoff and landing (V/STOL) jet aircraft used previously by the Royal Air Force (RAF) and, between 2006 and 2010, the Royal Navy (RN). British Aerospace Harrier II - Wikipedia The original was for its time a wonderful aircraft. Utveckling Advanced Harrier. ", http://www.direct.gov.uk/prod_consum_dg/groups/dg_digitalassets/@dg/@en/documents/digitalasset/dg_191634.pdf, "Britain's fast jet forces – National Interest versus vested interest. The British Aerospace Harrier II is a second-generation vertical/short takeoff and landing (V/STOL) jet aircraft used previously by the Royal Air Force (RAF) and between 2006 and 2010 the Royal Navy (RN). British Aerospace HARRIER II Plus by CRISGAMES. The British Aerospace Harrier II is a second-generation vertical/short takeoff and landing (V/STOL) jet aircraft used previously by the Royal Air Force (RAF) and, between 2006 and 2010, the Royal Navy (RN). The British Aerospace Harrier II is a second-generation vertical/short takeoff and landing (V/STOL) jet aircraft used previously by the Royal Air Force (RAF) and, between 2006 and 2010, the Royal Navy (RN). 2: HARRIER II Gr7 Royal Navy Gran Bretagna. [58] On 31 March 2010, No. "McDonnell Douglas/BAe Harrier II". [60], The Harrier GR9 was expected to stay in service at least until 2018. Bolt-on refuelling probe, top right. ", http://www.defencemanagement.com/article.asp?id=329&content_name=Aviation&article=9493, http://services.parliament.uk/hansard/Lords/ByDate/20101111/writtenanswers/part004.html, "The UK's GR9 Harriers to Add 'Capability E'. January 2012. pp. British Aerospace Harrier II) — як ҳавогарди сохтаи British Aerospace / McDonnell Douglas дар кишвари Подшоҳии Муттаҳида و Иёлоти Муттаҳидаи Амрико аст . The Harrier II incorporated many improvements over its predecessors. The aircraft was the latest development of the Harrier Jump Jet family, and was derived from the McDonnell Douglas AV-8B Harrier II. [13][14] Like the British Aerospace Sea Harrier, the Harrier II used an elevated bubble canopy to provide a significantly improved all-round view. ", "RAF 'nearly ran out of bombs' in Kosovo. When the Sea Harrier was retired, it was suggested that its Blue Vixen radar could be transferred to the Harrier IIs. [30], The first squadrons to receive the Harrier II were based in Royal Air Force Germany, a standing force maintained to deter Soviet aggression against the West and, in the event of war, carry out ground attacks. The Harrier, informally referred to as the Harrier Jump Jet, is a family of jet-powered attack aircraft capable of vertical/short takeoff and landing operations (V/STOL). 3: HARRIER II Plus Armada Spagna . ", "UK to expand Afghanistan commitment with additional aircraft. ", "Allies accused over cluster bomb attacks. [6] The US and UK agreement to proceed included a British contribution of US$280 million to cover development costs to meet their own requirements and to purchase at least 60 aircraft. ", http://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/home-news/last-harrier-jet-leaves-ark-royal-2142482.html, "Last trip for one of Britain's iconic aircraft", "U.S. To Buy Decommissioned British Harrier Jets", "UK Harrier fleet sold as £115 million worth of spare parts", "USMC hopes new method for tracking fatigue life will help extend Harrier to 2030", http://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/usmc-hopes-new-method-for-tracking-fatigue-life-will-help-extend-harrier-to-2030-372797/, http://www.key.aero/view_news.asp?ID=5001&thisSection=historic, "The Harrier in My Car Park: The Price of Losing Your Resolve. Named after a bird of prey, it was originally developed by British manufacturer Hawker Siddeley in the 1960s. In all 60 aircraft were ordered, with options for more. A lack of government backing for developing the necessary engine of the new aircraft, the Pegasus 15, led Hawker to withdraw from this project in 1975. [12], In 1995, hostilities between ethnic Croatians and Serbians in the aftermath of the collapse of Yugoslavia led to the dispatch of NATO forces to the region as a deterrent to further escelations in violence; a squadron of Harrier IIs was stationed at Gioia del Colle Air Base in Italy, relieving an earlier deployment of RAF SEPECAT Jaguars. [48], In September 2004, six Harrier GR7s were deployed to Kandahar, Afghanistan, replacing a US detachment of AV-8Bs in the region. [33] Both attack and reconnaissance missions were carried out by the Harriers, which had been quickly modified to integrate GPS navigation for operations in the theatre; more than 126 strike sorties were carried out by the RAF's Harrier II, often assisted by Jaguar fighter-bombers acting as designators for laser-guided bombs such as the Paveway II. Tags: Aircraft. The Sidewinder had proven effective for Sea Harriers against Argentinian Mirages in the Falklands conflict; however, from 1993 the Sea Harrier FA2 could also carry the much longer-range AIM-120 AMRAAM, a radar-guided missile. Jul 20, 2016 - RAF British Aerospace Harrier GR9 Lofting-1 - British Aerospace Harrier II - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia British Aerospace Harrier II is similar to these aircraft: Harrier Jump Jet, McDonnell Douglas AV-8B Harrier II, British Aerospace Sea Harrier and more. Capable of vertical or short takeoff and landing (V/STOL), the aircraft was designed in the late 1970s as an Anglo-American development of the British Hawker Siddeley Harrier, the first operational V/STOL aircraft. 15–16, 41. [28] In July 2007, BAE Systems completed the final of seven Harrier GR9 replacement rear fuselages for the MoD. ", http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/uknews/1500702/Harrier-destroyed-by-Afghan-rocket.html, "RN and RAF Harrier combat ops gear up as Royal Navy crews join the fight against the Taleban", http://web.archive.org/web/20070926220724/http://www.mod.uk/DefenceInternet/DefenceNews/MilitaryOperations/RnAndRafHarrierCombatOpsGearUpAsRoyalNavyCrewsJoinTheFightAgainstTheTalebanvideo.htm, "Major attacks 'useless' RAF in leaked e-mails. The British Aerospace Harrier II, a variant tailored to the RAF, uses different avionics, and has one additional missile pylon on each wing. ", "US, UK forces enter Iraq in Gulf War II. Sep 25, 2017 - This Pin was discovered by Lencomb. [50], Harrier GR7s were deployed to Afghanistan in 2006 as part of the expanded ISAF mission in the south of Afghanistan. The Encyclopedia of … The aircraft was derived from the McDonnell Douglas AV-8B Harrier II, which itself was a development of the Hawker Siddeley Harrier. The aircraft was the latest development of the Harrier Jump Jet family, and was derived from the McDonnell Douglas AV-8B Harrier II. Also see Wilson 2000, pp. British Aerospace Harrier II HD wallpapers. The British Aerospace/McDonnell Douglas Harrier II is a second generation vertical/short takeoff and landing (V/STOL) jet aircraft used previously by the UK's Royal Air … The AV-8B Harrier II is a single-engine ground-attack aircraft that constitutes the second generation of the Harrier Jump Jet family. [24], A further major upgrade programme from the GR7 standard was conducted; the Harrier GR9. [41] When war broke out, Harriers flew reconnaissance and strike missions inside Southern Iraq, reportedly to destroy Scud missile launchers to prevent their use against neighbouring Kuwait. Articles needing factual verification from October 2014, Articles incorporating text from Wikipedia, List of active United Kingdom military aircraft, http://www.publications.parliament.uk/pa/cm200304/cmhansrd/cm040105/text/40105w06.htm#40105w06.html_sbhd8, "Night Harrier to enter RAF service in August. The aircraft is primarily employed on light attack or multi-role missions, ranging from close air support of ground troops to armed reconnaissa… 24–25. House of Commons: Defence Committee 2006, pp. Harrier II (phiên bản Anh) Một chiếc Harrier GR7A của RAF tại Gloucestershire, Anh. During the 1980’s, the Harrier saw further development as a joint venture between British Aerospace at Dunsfold & Kingston and the McDonnell Douglas Corporation in the USA. The first BAe-built development GR5 flew for the first time on 30 April 1985 and the aircraft entered service in July 1987. A more advanced model, designated as the Harrier GR7, was developed primarily to add a night-time operational capability and avionics improvements[18] The GR7 development program operated in conjunction with a similar USMC initiative upon its AV-8B Harrier fleet. The GR5 differed from the USMC AV-8B in avionics fit, weapons and countermeasures. ", "Harrier II night-attack options diverge", http://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/1986/1986%20-%202892.html, http://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/1990/1990%20-%202774.html, http://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/1985/1985%20-%201756.html, http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=36TYbF1a9NMC&printsec=frontcover#v=onepage&q&f=false, http://www.rafmuseum.org.uk/research/documents/Journal%2035A%20-%20Seminar%20-%20the%20RAF%20Harrier%20Story.pdf, http://books.google.com/books?id=m9aQXZ5rsLYC&printsec=frontcover&dq=Harrier&hl=en&ei=c3kmTs6_LdHTmAXPp-HIBQ&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=book-preview-link&resnum=1&ved=0CC8QuwUwAA#v=onepage&q&f=false, http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=dPDwrdFKN1AC&printsec=frontcover, http://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/1986/1986%20-%201660.html, Second-generation Harriers on Greg Goebel's vectorsite.net, Photographs of Harrier G R Mk 7 deployed aboard HMS Illustrious, Defense Industry Daily: AV-8B Harrier finding Success in Iraq (30 March 2005), https://military.wikia.org/wiki/British_Aerospace_Harrier_II?oldid=4786466, An RAF Harrier GR9 over Afghanistan, 2008, (RAF Strike Attack Operational Evaluation Unit), A Harrier II on external display at British company Dyson's headquarters in. The British Aerospace Harrier II was a second-generation vertical/short takeoff and landing (V/STOL) jet aircraft used previously by the Royal Air Force (RAF) and, … "UK Harriers will fly again with USMC". your own Pins on Pinterest The fuselage components were designed and built as part of a three-year £20 million programme. The USMC took them to their hearts and decided there could be improvements made. ", "RAF Harrier pilots are given the go-ahead to bomb through clouds. The GR5 had many differences from the USMC's AV-8B Harriers, such as avionics fit, armaments and equipment; the wing of the GR5 featured a stainless steel leading edge, giving it different flex characteristics from the AV-8B. We determined that these pictures can also depict a Airplane, Fly, Jet Fighter. [25] The first of these increments started with software upgrades to the communications, ground proximity warning and navigation systems, followed by the integration of the AGM-65 Maverick air-to-ground missile. Two prototypes were built from existing aircraft and flew in 1978. In December 2010, budgetary pressures led to the early retirement of all Harrier IIs from service. The British Aerospace Harrier II is a second-generation vertical/short takeoff and landing (V/STOL) jet aircraft used previously by the Royal Air Force (RAF) and, between 2006 and 2010, the Royal Navy (RN). [47] Both the British and American Harrier squadrons were withdrawn from Iraq in summer 2003. The aircraft was derived from the McDonnell Douglas AV-8B Harrier II which itself was a development of the Hawker Siddeley Harrier. [17], Even prior to the Harrier GR5 entering service, it was clear that alterations were required for the aircraft to be more capable in the interdictor role. [46] In April 2003, the Ministry of Defence admitted that RAF Harriers had deployed controversial RBL755 cluster bombs in Iraq. [7][verification needed], The first prototype flew in 1981. [15] A combination of the new design of the control system and the greater lateral stability of the aircraft made the Harrier II fundamentally easier to fly than the first generation Harrier GR1/GR3 models. The aircraft was the latest development of the Harrier Jump Jet family, and was derived from the McDonnell Douglas AV-8B Harrier II. [42] Prior to the war, the Harriers had been equipped with a new armament, the AGM-65 Maverick missile, which reportedly was a noticeable contribution to the Harrier's operations over Iraq. The Harrier, informally referred to as the Harrier Jump Jet, is a family of jet-powered attack aircraft capable of vertical/short takeoff and landing operations (V/STOL). The British Aerospace Harrier II is a second-generation vertical/short takeoff and landing (V/STOL) jet aircraft used previously by the Royal Air Force (RAF) and, between 2006 and 2010, the Royal Navy (RN). [63], On 24 November 2010, the Harrier made its last ever flight from a carrier, incidentally also the last flight from the carrier HMS Ark Royal prior to retirement. [26] The Sniper targeting pod replaced the less accurate TIALD in 2007, under an Urgent Operational Requirement (UOR) for Afghanistan. 15–16. ", "Select Committee on Defence Fourteenth Report . British Aerospace Harrier II (англ. The Harrier emerged as the only truly successful V/STOL design of the many attempted during that era. your own Pins on Pinterest The British Aerospace Harrier II is a second-generation vertical/short takeoff and landing(V/STOL) jet aircraft used previously by theRoyal Air Force (RAF) and, between 2006 and 2010, the Royal Navy (RN). [49] On 14 October 2005, a Harrier GR7A was destroyed and another was damaged in a Taliban rocket attack while parked on the tarmac at Kandahar. [66] This was contradicted by the US Naval Air Systems Command (NAVAIR) in June 2012, who stated that the USMC never planned to operate ex-RAF Harriers. Find the perfect british aerospace harrier ii stock photo. British Aerospace Harrier II. The Harrier emerged as the only truly successful V/STOL design of the many attempted during that era. [10][11] The UK's Harrier IIs have an additional missile pylon in front of each wing landing gear, and strengthened leading edges of the wings to meet higher bird strike requirements. 14. [36] On 27 April 1999, during a mission to attack a Serbian military depot, RAF Harriers came under heavy anti-aircraft fire, but did not suffer losses as a result. Apr 21, 2014 - This Pin was discovered by Winston Gould. [55], In 2005, allegations emerged in Parliament that, following the transfer of servicing duties to RAF Cottesmore, the standard and quality of maintenance on the Harrier fleet had fallen dramatically; several airframes had been considerably damaged and one likely destroyed due to mistakes made, the time taken to perform the servicing had risen from 100 days to 155 days, and the cost per aircraft had also risen to more than ten times that of the prior arrangements performed by Defence Aviation Repair Agency (DARA). - Wallpaper Abyss Even prior to the Harrier GR5 entering service, it was clear that alterations were required for the aircraft to be more capable in the interdictor role. British Aerospace Harrier II. [3][4], Due to US interest, work proceeded on the development of a less ambitious successor, a Harrier fitted with a larger wing and making use of composite materials in its construction. 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