[1], The plant is native to the Caribbean, where the Arawak/Taino people were the first to use it and cultivate it. Genetic code: Translation table 1 (Standard) Mitochondrial genetic code: Translation table 1 (Standard) Plastid genetic code: Translation table 11 (Bacterial, Archaeal and Plant Plastid) Other names: The leaves can be dried and chewed as an intoxicant. All parts of the plant contain nicotine, which can be extracted and used as an insecticide. form a strategic partnership called N.C. The hands or bales are aged for one to three years to improve flavor and reduce bitterness. Close Search Form Open Search Form; Share on Facebook Tweet (Share on Twitter) Share on Linkedin Pin it (Share on Pinterest). Common name: “Tobacco” or “American Tobacco”. Tobacco Tobacco is the common name of the plant Nicotiana tabacum and to a limited extent Nicotiana rustica and the cured leaf that is used, usually after aging and processing in various ways for smoking, chewing, snuffing and the extraction of nicotine, the principal alkaloid of tobacco. This is the main species that is used to make cigarettes, cigars, and other products for smokers. Terminal (leaf) node. Nicotiana florida Salisb. Solanaceae Week: Nicotiana tabacum from Manali: Nicotiana tabacum L., Sp. Uncategorized Nicotiana capensis Vilm. Bolivia: acará; coss; pairr In 1586 the botanist Jaques Dalechamps gave the plant the name of Herba nicotiana, which was also adopted by Linné. Sun-cured tobacco is low in sugar and nicotine and is used in cigarettes. It is found in cultivation, where it is the most commonly grown of all plants in the genus Nicotiana, and its leaves are commercially grown in many countries to be processed into tobacco. [7], Tobacco also contains the following phytochemicals: glucosides (tabacinine, tabacine), 2,3,6-trimethyl-1,4-naphthoquinone, 2-methylquinone, 2-napthylamine, propionic acid, anthalin, anethole, acrolein, cembrene, choline, nicotelline, nicotianine, and pyrene. Common name i: Common tobacco: Synonym i-Other names i ›American tobacco ›Nicotania tabacum ›Nicotiana tabacum L. ›Nicotiana tabacum var. Nicotiana rustica is a ANNUAL growing to 1.5 m (5ft). 2. Nicotiana attenuata Steud. Research is ongoing into its ancestry among wild Nicotiana species, but it is believed to be a hybrid of Nicotiana sylvestris, Nicotiana tomentosiformis, and possibly Nicotiana otophora. Pipe tobacco, chewing tobacco, and snuff are fire cured. (1 May 1753) Annotation: as "Tabacum" Type-Protologue Distribution: South America Higher Taxa: Taxonomy Browser Nicotiana tabacum : Source: Solanaceae of North America Update, database (version 2011) Acquired: 2011 : Notes: Updated for ITIS by the Flora of North America Expertise Network, in connection with an update for USDA PLANTS (2007-2010) Reference for: Nicotiana tabacum : Source: The PLANTS Database, database (version 4.0.4) Acquired: 1996 : Notes: They contain a volatile oil called nicotine, this is a virulent poison that produces nausea, vomiting, sweating, palpitations and nausea[232]. Nicotiana mexicana Schltdl. Fire curing takes three to ten weeks and produces a tobacco low in sugar and high in nicotine. Air-cured tobacco is sheltered from wind and sun in a well-ventilated barn, where it air dries for six to eight weeks. N. tabacum is a native of tropical and subtropical America but it is now commercially cultivated worldwide. It is hardy to zone (UK) 8 and is frost tender. This was the first exact proof of alkaloids in forensic medicine.[2]. Type: South America. Nicotiana tabacum é uma planta herbácea perene, da família das solanáceas, oriunda da América tropical, de cujas folhas se produz a maior parte do tabaco comercializado. TSJT1 - Stem-specific protein TSJT1 - Nicotiana tabacum (Common tobacco) - TSJT1 gene & protein UniProtKB - P24805 (TSJT1_TOBAC) Nicotiana tabacum (common tobacco) Genome info Pathway map Brite hierarchy Module Genome map Blast Taxonomy: Search genes: Genome information. It is found in cultivation, where it is the most commonly grown of all plants in the genus Nicotiana, and its leaves are commercially grown in many countries to be processed into tobacco. Common name: Tobacco. Full sun (6 or more hours of direct sunlight a day), Partial Shade (Direct sunlight only part of the day, 2-6 hours). Group: Dicot Rank: species Kind: Name of a new Taxon Herbarium Placement: Monsanto, 3rd, C, 256 Authors: Linnaeus, Carl von. [4] The main polyphenols contained in the tobacco leaf are rutin and chlorogenic acid. Nicotiana Species: tabacum Family: Solanaceae Life Cycle: Annual Perennial Recommended Propagation Strategy: Seed Country Or Region Of Origin: South America Wildlife Value: Resistant to deer Dimensions: Height: 3 ft. 0 in. Virginia tobacco that has been flue cured is also called bright tobacco, because flue curing turns its leaves gold, orange, or yellow. Acidic endochitinase P precursor - Nicotiana tabacum (Common tobacco) UniProtKB - P17513 (CHIP_TOBAC) Stem. Leaf blades about 8-50 x 3-16 cm, petioles about 0-5 cm … Nicotine accounts for 90-95% of the plant's pyridines with Nornicotine and anatabine accounting for roughly 2.5% each. Cultivated throughout the world for the production of tobacco. The juice of the leaves can be rubbed on the body as an insect repellent. 1:180. In 1560, Jean Nicot de Villemain, then French ambassador to Portugal, brought tobacco seeds and leaves as a "wonder drug" to the French court. Tobacco arrived in Africa at the beginning of the 17th century. Nicotiana tabacum, or cultivated tobacco, is an annually-grown herbaceous plant. Alternative Titles: Nicotiana tabacum, common tobacco, cultivated tobacco Tobacco, common name of the plant Nicotiana tabacum and, to a limited extent, Aztec tobacco (N. rustica) and the cured leaf that is used, usually after aging and processing in various ways, for smoking, chewing, snuffing, and extraction of … The concentration of nicotine increases with the age of the plant. & Sessé ex Dunal [Invalid] Tabaku (Sul.) The potato tuber moth (Phthorimaea operculella) is an oligophagous insect that prefers to feed on plants of the family Solanaceae such as tobacco plants. Flowers tubular, cream, pink, or green-white, 5-lobed at the top. Flue-cured tobacco is kept in an enclosed barn heated by flues (pipes) of hot air, but the tobacco is not directly exposed to smoke. ... Nicotiana tabacum L. appears in other Kew resources: IPNI - The International Plant Names Index. NAME 1.1 Scientific name Nicotiana Tabacum L 1.2 Family Solanaceae 1.3 Common name(s) Fumo Petume Petina Pitura etum Tabaco (Brazil) Tabaco (Argentina) Tobacco (USA). Descrição. Nicotiana pilosa Dunal. Common Name(s): tobacco [English] tobacco : Taxonomic Status: Current Standing: ... Nicotiana tabacum L. – cultivated tobacco : Species: Nicotiana tomentosa Ruiz ... Nicotiana : Source: Solanaceae of North America Update, database (version 2011) Acquired: 2011 Nicotiana crispula hort. Common Name: Tobacco, Cultivated tobacco: Family: Solanaceae: USDA hardiness: 7-10: Known Hazards: All parts of the plant are poisonous[4, 19, 65, 76]. Nicotiana tabacum L. Genbank common name: common tobacco. It is in flower from July to September. The distribution of the nicotine in the mature plant is widely variable: 64% of the total nicotine exists in the leaves, 18% in the stem, 13% in the root, and 5% in the flowers. Usually flowers and fruits as a shrub about 1-2 m tall. This gives the leaves a distinctive smoky aroma and flavor. Tobacco (Engl.) Published In: Species Plantarum 1: 180. It grows to heights between 1 and 2 meters (3' to 6'). Vernacular names [edit wikidata 'Category:Nicotiana tabacum' linked to current category] [edit wikidata 'Nicotiana tabacum' main topic of 'Category:Nicotiana tabacum'] English : cultivated tobacco , Common tobacco Samsun Datura stramonium L.” DBLINKS Habitats: Not known in a truly wild situation. Once the tobacco is cured, workers tie it into small bundles of about 20 leaves, called hands, or use a machine to make large blocks, called bales. The Belgian count Hippolyte Visart de Bocarmé had poisoned his brother-in-law with tobacco leaf extract in order to acquire some urgently needed money. Scientific names: Common names: Nicotiana chinensis Fisch. Nicotiana alipes Steud. Nicotiana tabacum L. Preferred Common Name. Tabako (Tag.) pl. [8], The regions that have histories of use of the plant include:[citation needed]. 1997 Jul;78 ( Pt 7):1785-90. Botanical name: Nicotiana tabacum. Amino acids contained include glutamic acids, asparagine, glutamine, and γ-Aminobutyric acid [5], Pyridine alkaloids are present in tobacco as free bases and salts. Preferred Scientific Name. Leaves. Nicotiana tabacum. Protein knowledgebase. Nicotiana chinensis Fischer Nicotiana chinensis Fischer ex Lehmann Nicotiana crispula hort. General description: Robust herb up to 3m tall, cultivated as a crop but sometimes found as a weedy escape.. ex Lehm. Sun-cured tobacco dries uncovered in the sun. After tobacco is harvested, it is cured (dried), and then aged to improve its flavor. ex Lehm. Does best with some afternoon shade in hot summer climates. Needs consistently moist, organically rich, well-drained soils in full sun to part shade. NC State University and N.C. A&T State University work in tandem, along with federal, state and local governments, to Common name. Cooperative Extension prohibits discrimination and harassment on the basis of race, color, national origin, age, sex (including pregnancy), disability, religion, sexual orientation, gender identity, and veteran status. Female P. operculella use the leaves to lay their eggs and the hatched larvae will eat away at the mesophyll of the leaf. Nicotiana … General information about Nicotiana tabacum (NIOTA) South America (probably originally Bolivia). x; UniProtKB. Rank: species. In fire curing, smoke from a low-burning fire on the barn floor permeates the leaves. Other varieties are cultivated as ornamental plants or appear as a weed. Scientific name i: Nicotiana tabacum: Taxonomy navigation › Nicotiana. (4) The species N. tabacum has never been found to grow in the wild. The dried leaves can also be used; they remain effective for 6 months after drying. Whole Plant Traits: Plant Type: Annual Herbaceous Perennial Poisonous Maintenance: Low Tobacco leaves contain 2 to 8% nicotine combined as malate or citrate. Common Name: Tobacco. [6], The tobacco plant readily absorbs heavy metals from the surrounding soil and accumulates them in its leaves. Tobacco. Nicotiana pilosa Dunal : Nicotiana tabacum Linn. - 5 ft. 0 in. Learn how and when to remove this template message, "Back to the roots of modern analytical toxicology: Jean Servais Stas and the Bocarmé murder case", "Selective Determination of Pyridine Alkaloids in Tobacco by PFTBA Ions/Analyte Molecule Reaction Ionization Ion Trap Mass Spectrometry", "Investigation of Toxic Metals in the Tobacco of Different Iranian Cigarette Brands and Related Health Issues", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Nicotiana_tabacum&oldid=994330798, Plants used in traditional Native American medicine, Articles with unsourced statements from December 2018, Articles with unsourced statements from April 2014, Articles needing additional references from November 2012, All articles needing additional references, Articles with unsourced statements from September 2013, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, This page was last edited on 15 December 2020, at 04:14. UniProtKB. The curing method used depends on the type of tobacco and its intended use. The species is hermaphrodite (has both male and female organs) and is pollinated by Lepidoptera (Moths & Butterflies). Scientific Name and Common Name; Kingdom: Plantae – Plants Subkingdom: Tracheobionta – Vascular plants Superdivision: Spermatophyta – Seed plants Division: Magnoliophyta – Flowering plants Class L. Solanaceae + Synonyms. Nicotiana latissima Mill. Common names for Nicotiana include burley tobacco (N. tabacum), wild tree tobacco (N. glauca), wild tobacco (N. trigonophylla), and coyote tobacco (N. attenuata) (Color Plates 14 and 15). [3], Almost every part of the plant except the seed contains nicotine, but the concentration is related to different factors such as species, type of land, culture and weather conditions. They can have a  spindly growth habit. Read our Commitment to Diversity | Read our Privacy Statement. Scientific Name: Nicotiana tabacum • Common Name: Tobacco • Toxins: The primary toxin is nicotine, a highly toxic alkaloid, which is present throughout the plant • Chemical Abstracts Service Registry Number: 54-11-5 • Molecular Formula: C 10 H 14 N 2 • Chemical Structure: • Nicotiana chinensis Fisch. Suitable for: light (sandy), medium (loamy) and heavy (clay) soils and prefers well-drained soil. The Plants Database includes the following 22 species of Nicotiana . Nicotiana fruiticosa Moc. It grows to heights between 1 and 2 meters (3' to 6'). There are four common methods of curing tobacco: air curing, fire curing, flue curing, and sun curing. current name. NCBI BLAST name: eudicots. English: Virginian tobacco; Spanish: tabaco; French: tabac; tabac comun; tabac de Virginie; Chinese: yan cao; Portuguese: tabaco comum; Local Common Names. Journal: J Gen Virol. Herbarium Catalogue (34 records) Date Reference Identified As Barcode Type Status; Jun 1, 2006: Etuge, M. [5284], Cameroon: K000339797: It is the fastest method of curing, requiring about a week. Air-cured tobacco is low in sugar, which gives the tobacco smoke a light, sweet flavour, and high in nicotine. SUMMARY 2.1 Main risks and target organs Nicotianas are highly toxic plants due to their nicotine alkaloid content. Nicotiana mexicana Schltdl. Range: S. America. 1753 syn: Nicotiana chinensis Fisch. ex Lehm. It was considered a decorative plant at first, then a panacea, before it became a common snuff and tobacco plant. Scientific Name Nicotiana tabacum L. Linnaeus, C. von (1753) Species Plantarum 1: 180. It has mostly been replaced by shorter varieties that open during the day and have no fragrance. In 1851, the Belgian chemist Jean Stas documented the use of tobacco extract as a murder poison. Nicotiana tabacum — Common tobacco Scientific classification Kingdom: Plantae … Wikipedia. Leaves large, alternate, simple, with sticky hairs. A drying oil is obtained from the seed. Nicotiana tabacum Name Synonyms Nicotiana alba Mill. Traditionally, the leaf has been … UniParc. Vomiting, diarrhea, slow pulse, dizziness, collapse, and respiratory failure may occur if eaten. tobacco; International Common Names. Help pages, FAQs, UniProtKB manual, documents, news archive and Biocuration projects. Width: 1 ft. 0 in. Family: Solanaceae. Annual or tender perennial with flowers that are fragrant when open at night. The leaf extract was a popular pest control method up to the beginning of the 20th century. Other common names: –. N. tabacum is sensitive to temperature, air, ground humidity and the type of land. The dried leaves are also used as snuff or are smoked. Help. Research is ongoing into its ancestry among wild Nicotiana species, but it is believed to be a hybrid of Nicotiana sylvestris, Nicotiana tomentosiformis, and possibly Nicotiana otophora. This method is used in Greece, Turkey, and other Mediterranean countries to produce oriental tobacco. [citation needed] The common tobacco plant , found as escape in Manali , photographed in October 2009 Pyridyl functional groups present in minute amounts include anabasine, myosmine, cotinine and 2, 3′-bipyridyl. Sequence archive. Cigar and burley tobaccos are air cured. Nicotiana tabacum (Common tobacco) Status. ex Steud. - 2 ft. 0 in. Nicotiana caudata Nutt. Cooperative Extension, which staffs local offices in all 100 counties and with the Eastern Band of Cherokee Indians. Nucleotide sequence of a new bipartite geminivirus isolated from the common weed Sida rhombifolia in Costa Rica. [citation needed], Natural tobacco polysaccharides, including cellulose, have been shown to be the primary precursors of acetaldehyde in tobacco smoke. ... Common names are used instead of botanical.]. 1753. Nicotiana tabacum, or cultivated tobacco, is an annually-grown herbaceous plant. Unreviewed-Annotation score: -Experimental evidence at transcript level i. HIGHLY TOXIC, MAY BE FATAL IF EATEN! 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